ABSTRACT
The cell response of human HepG2 cells exposed to hypothermia with rewarming was analyzed. Ultrastructural findings in hypothermic stressed cells showed swollen mitochondria, dispersed chromatin, vacuoles and ring-shape nucleolar reorganization. These changes were coupled with significative differences in the induction of Hsp60, inducible Hsp70 and monomeric Hsf1 in all treated samples, but not in Hsc 70 expression. Cellular response to hypothermia could be associated with the synergistic induction of Hsp expression.
En este trabajo se analizó la respuesta celular de células HepG2 expuestas a hipotermia con posterior recuperación. Los hallazgos ultraestructurales en células sometidas a estrés hipotérmico incluyeron mitocondrias edematizadas, núcleos picnóticos, vacuolas y reorganización nucleolar en forma de anillo. Tales cambios están relacionados con diferencias significativas en la inducción de la expresión de Hsp60, Hsp70 inducible y Hsf 1 monomérico en todas las muestras tratadas, pero no de Hsc70. La respuesta celular a la hipotermia puede ser relacionada con la inducción sinergística de las Hsp.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cold Temperature , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology , /biosynthesis , DNA-Binding Proteins/biosynthesis , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , /biosynthesis , Liver Neoplasms/pathology , Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis , Transcription Factors/biosynthesis , Cell Line, Tumor/metabolism , Cell Line, Tumor/ultrastructure , /genetics , Cold Temperature/adverse effects , DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics , /genetics , Mitochondria/ultrastructure , Neoplasm Proteins/genetics , Rewarming , Temperature , Transcription Factors/geneticsABSTRACT
Las relaciones que se establecen entre géneros de la familia trypanosomatidae en condiciones de coexistencia en el mismo medioambiente pueden estar vinculadas a respuestas compensatorias inter-poblacionales que incluyen cambios morfológicos (diferentes estadios) y morfométricos (diferencias mensurables). El análisis cuantitativo de tales respuestas en cultivos axénicos puros de Leishmania chagasi y trypanosoma cruzi, así como en isomezclas axénicas de L. chagasi-T. cruzi mantenidas in vitro, no ha sido abordado, desconociéndose por lo tanto, particularidades biológicas. Muestras interdiarias de cultivo se fijaron, colorearon, observaron, digitalizaron y procesaron cuantitativamente. Además de cuantificar las densidades poblacionales, se registraron las magnitudes numéricas de variables morfométricas que, posteriormente, se analizaron con herramientas estadísticas. Los resultados indicaron cambios específicos en las variables investigadas, así como heterogeneidad morfométrica entre los mismos morfotipos de los mismos géneros al ser mantenidos en cultivos puros o mixtos. Los modelos de cambio morfométrico de L. chagasi y T. cruzi en cultivos puros difieren de los modelos de cambio morfométrico en los cultivos mixtos (L. chagasi-T. cruzi). Las metodologías biométricas discriminan, en términos morfométricos, poblaciones del mismo estadio (morfotipo) en ambientes diferentes.
The relations established among genera of the Trypanosomatidae family in coexisting conditions in the same environment may be linked to inter-population compensatory answers that include morphological (differences among stages) and morphometrical (measurable difference) changes. The quantitative analysis of these answers in Leishmania chagasi and Trypanosoma cruzi pure axenic cultures, as well as in L. chagasi - T. cruzi axenic iso-mixtures in vitro maintained has not been approached, and consequently, potentially useful biological particularities in the control of these important human parasites are unknown. Every other day culture samples were fixed, stained, observed, digitalized and quantitatively processed. In addition to quantify, the population densities and the appearance-disappearance stage (morphotypes) dynamics, the numeric magnitudes of the morphometric variables were recorded and later analyzed with multivariate statistical techniques. The results indicate specific changes in the investigated variables, as well as morphometric heterogeneity between the same morphotypes of the same genera when maintained in pure or mixed cultivation. The morphometric change models for L. chagasi and T. cruzi in pure culture differ from the models of morphometric change in mixed cultivation (L. chagasi-T. cruzi). The biometric methodologies discriminate in morphometric terms populations of the same stage (morfotype) in different environments.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Animals , Female , Leishmania infantum/growth & development , Leishmania infantum/physiology , Leishmania infantum/microbiology , Leishmania infantum/parasitology , Trypanosoma cruzi/growth & development , Trypanosoma cruzi/physiology , Trypanosoma cruzi/microbiology , Parasite Load/statistics & numerical data , In Vitro Techniques , Parasites/cytology , Parasites/physiology , Parasites/microbiology , Parasites/parasitologyABSTRACT
The ultrastructural alterations in ventricular capillary endothelia of chick embryo heart treated with Adriamycin (ADRIA) are discussed. White-Leghorn chicken eggs on the third day of incubation (stage 18), were injected through the egg shell with 1 ml of ADRIA 5, ug/egg. Eggs were reincubated until day 15 (stage 41-42), at which time the embryos were sacrified and their hearts removed. Controls were injected with equal volume of saline solution. Unlike the controls, ADRIA treated embryonic ventricular capillary endothelia exhibited marked evidences of vascular damage. An apparent reduction of the cytoplasmic surface area of the abnormally dark and smooth endothelial cells was observed. Capillary endothelial alterations also included cell vacuolization, absence of cytoplasmic endothelial cell proyections and cytoplasmic blebs along capillar endothelial surface, most prominently along the free cell surface or lumen. The comparison of the ultrastructural characteristics between control and ADRIA-treated embryonic heart, may confirm ADRIA cardiotoxic effects during cardiogenesis. Capillary endothelium may be an alternative target of ADRIA and in appears likely that drug toxic effect may promote vascular damage